孔院微课堂 | 打招呼说什么？“你好”的九种表达方式……
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“你好”是很多外国人学习的第一个中文词语，但“你好”并非适用于所有场景，打招呼只会说“你好”，在很多场合，多少有点尴尬。想要学习地道的打招呼方式？快来一起看看吧！
“你好” is the first Chinese expression learnt by many students, but it is not universally applicable for greeting. In some social scenarios, it can be embarrassing more or less. Let’s take a look at some more idiomatic counterparts.
nǐhǎo / nínhǎo
你好/您好
Hello
“你好（您好）”一般翻译成“Hello”“Hi”等，但实际上，它们是有区别的。在汉语中，“你好（您好）”一般用于初次见面的场合。
“你好（您好）” is generally translated into “Hello” and “Hi”, which are in fact not strictly equivalent. “你好（您好）” is generally used for the first encounter in Chinese.
例 | e.g.
①
您好！我是小孔，初次见面，请多关照！
Hello! I’m Xiao Kong. It’s nice to meet you. How do you do!
②
你好，请问王老师在办公室吗？
Hi, is Mr. Wang in the office?
注意 NOTE
打招呼时不要用“你好吗？”
Please note that we don’t use “你好吗（Nǐhǎo ma）?” to greet others in Chinese.
影视作品中的打招呼之你好
Greetings in the Film and Television Works (nǐhǎo)
zǎo / zǎoshanɡ hǎo
早/早上好
Morning / Good morning
早上碰到认识的人，可以说一声“早（啊）”或者“早上好”，以表达新一天的问候。但并不可以简单替换时间段进行类推，熟识的中国人碰面时很少会说“上午好”“中午好”“下午好”“晚上好”，不过某些正式场合、服务场景常常会用“时段+好”作问候。
When we meet someone we know in the morning, we can say “早（Morning）” or “早上好（Good morning）” to express greetings for the new day. However, analogy by simply substituting the time of the day may not do, since the Chinese people seldom say “上午好（good forenoon）” “中午好（good noontime）” “下午好（good afternoon）” “晚上好（good evening）” when they meet. Admittedly, on some formal occasions and in the service industry, “time of the day + 好” is often used for greetings.
例 | e.g.
①
（出门碰到邻居）早啊！张姐。
(Meeting a neighbor on the way out) Morning, Ms. Zhang.
②
（讲座发言）大家下午好！很高兴有这个机会和大家分享我的观点。
(Before a speech) Good afternoon, everyone! I am glad to have this opportunity to share my views.
③
（餐厅迎宾）晚上好，请问几位？
(Restaurant waiter greeting guests) Good evening, how many are in your party?
影视作品中的打招呼之早
Greetings in the Film and Television Works (zǎo)
Wánɡ lǎoshī (hǎo)
王老师（好）
(Hello,) Mr./Ms. Wang
碰到比自己年纪大或身份地位比自己高的熟人，可以用“姓+身份/职位/亲属称谓+（好）”的方式打招呼，比如“王老师（好）”“李主任（好）”“张爷爷（好）”，关系较为熟络时，最后的“好”也可以省去。
When you meet an older or senior acquaintance, you can greet them with the structure “surname + identity / position / relative title +（好）”, for example, “王老师好(Hello, Mr./Ms. Wang)” “李主任好(Hello, Director Li)” “张爷爷好(Hello, Grandpa Zhang)”. “好(Hello)” is optional if very familiar.
例 | e.g.
①
（跟王老师不太熟）王老师好！
(Not familiar) Hello, Mr./Ms. Wang!
②
（跟赵阿姨很熟）赵阿姨！
(Very familiar) Aunt Zhao!
影视作品中的打招呼之称谓
Greetings in the Film and Television Works (Address Terms)
hāi / hēi
嗨/嘿
Hi / Hey
年轻人常用的打招呼方式，“Hi”“Hey”的音译。
The transliteration of “Hi” and “Hey”, commonly used by young people to greet each other.
影视作品中的打招呼之嗨
Greetings in the Film and Television Works (hāi)
Lǐ Zǐqī / Zǐqī / Xiǎo Lǐ
李子柒/子柒/小李
Li Ziqi / Ziqi / Xiao Li
同龄人之间常常以直呼对方姓名的方式来打招呼，可与其他问候方式同时使用。除了直呼姓名外，年长者有时会用“小+姓”的方式称呼年轻者。
Peers often greet each other by calling each other’s names, usually in conjunction with other expressions. In addition, elder people sometimes add “小” (little) to the surname of younger people to address them.
例 | e.g.
①
（同龄人与李子柒打招呼）嘿，子柒，忙什么呢？
(Peers greeting Li Ziqi) Hey, Ziqi, what are you up to?
②
（年长者与李子柒打招呼）小李，你忙什么呢？
(An elder greeting Li Ziqi) Xiao Li, what are you doing?
注意 NOTE
直呼年长者姓名是一种不礼貌的行为。
Please note that it is impolite to address the elderly by his/her name directly.
影视作品中的打招呼之喊名字
Greetings in the Film and Television Works
(Calling One's Name)
Mánɡ shénme ne? / Chūqu ya?/
Chī le ma? / Zuìjìn zěnmeyànɡ?
忙什么呢?/出去呀?/
吃了吗?/最近怎么样?
What are you up to? / Going out? /
Have you eaten? / How have you been lately?
问一些和情景有关的问题也是中国人一种常见的打招呼方式，目的是表达关心，并非刺探隐私，无须详细正面回答。
Some questions related to a specific scenario are also a common way of greeting for Chinese people. They are intended to show care, not to genuinely inquire, and thus need not be answered seriously.
例 | e.g.
①
（超市碰到邻居赵阿姨）赵阿姨，买菜呢？
(Meeting the neighbor Aunt Zhao at the supermarket) Aunt Zhao, shopping for groceries?
②
（回家后，看到同屋李子柒在专注地做某件事）子柒，忙什么呢？
(Upon return, seeing Li Ziqi focused on something) Ziqi, what are you up to?
影视作品中的打招呼之问问题
Greetings in the Film and Television Works
(Asking Questions)
wèi (wéi )
喂
Hello
打电话时，一般用一声“喂”来打招呼。
Usually used to greet the other party when making a call.
例 | e.g.
(打电话) 喂，您好，请问是姚明吗？
(Calling) Hello, can I speak to Yao Ming?
影视作品中的打招呼之喂
Greetings in the Film and Television Works (wèi)
肢体动作
Gestures
除常见的握手、微笑、招手、点头等动作外，为了追求乐趣，有些中国年轻人会使用一些复杂的动作来打招呼。
In addition to the usual gestures such as shaking hands, smiling, waving a hand, and nodding, complicated gestures are used by some youngsters as a greeting, just to be cool.
表情包
Emoji Sets (meme)
在微信等社交平台上，中国人喜爱使用表情包打招呼，且不同年龄层使用的表情包风格不一。
While greeting each other on WeChat and other social platforms, Chinese people like to use emoji sets, which vary from one age group to another.
你学会了吗？转发给其他小伙伴，一起学习中国人地道的打招呼方式吧~
How do you like those idiomatic ways of greeting in Chinese? Share them with your friends, and practice together.
下期预告 | Coming up next:
告别说什么？“再见”的N种表达方式……
What should we say to bid farewell, aside from “goodbye”?
内容策划：吴晓静 刘希
美术编辑：黄思敏（实习）
视频剪辑：陈芳宇（实习）
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